How long does it take to get
HIV test results?
Results of the
rst antibody test are generally available within
a few days. (
Rapid HIV antibody tests
can produce results
within an hour.) Results of
the plasma HIV RNA test and
Western blot are available in
a few days to a few weeks.
If I test HIV positive now,
will I always test HIV
positive?
Yes. ere’s no cure for HIV at
this time. Because you will
always be infected with the
virus, you will always test HIV
positive. But treatment with
anti-HIV medications can help
you live a longer, healthier
life.
Terms Used in This Fact
Sheet:
HIV antibody test:
An HIV test that checks for
HIV
antibodies in a person’s
blood, urine, or fluids from the
mouth. HIV antibodies are a
type of protein the body
produces in response to HIV
infection.
Mother-t
o-child transmission of HIV:
The passing of HIV
from a woman infected with
HIV to her baby during
pregnancy, during labor and
delivery, or by breastfeeding.
Plasma HIV RNA t
est (viral load test):
A test that
measures the amount of HIV in
the blood. This test is
used to detect recent HIV
infection or to measure viral
load at any stage of HIV
infection.
Rapid HIV antibody t
est:
An HIV antibody test that can
detect HIV antibodies in
blood or oral fluids in less than
30 minutes.
T
ransmission of HIV:
The spread of HIV from a
person
infected with HIV to another
person through the infected
person’s blood, semen,
genital fluids, or breast milk.
Unpr
otected sex:
Sex without using a condom.
Viral load:
The amount of HIV in the
blood. One of the
goals of antiretroviral
therapy is to reduce viral load.
W
estern blot:
A type of antibody test used
to confirm a
positive HIV antibody or
plasma HIV RNA test.
Windo
w period:
The time period between a
person's
infection with HIV and the
appearance of detectable HIV
antibodies.
This information is based on the U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services’
Guidelines for the Use of
Reviewed
Antiretroviral Agents in HIV-1-Infected
Adults and Adolescents
available at
http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/guidelines
If a pregnant woman tests
positive for HIV,
will her baby be born with
HIV?
In the United States and
Europe, fewer than 2 babies in 100
born to mothers infected with
HIV are infected with the
virus. is is because anti-HIV
medications given to women
infected with HIV during
pregnancy and delivery and to
their babies after birth help
prevent
mother-to-child
transmission of HIV
. Another reason is that, in
the United
States and Europe, mothers
infected with HIV do not
breastfeed their babies. (For
more information, see the
HIV
and Pregnancy
fact sheet series.)
Where can I find information
on HIV testing
in my state?
Many hospitals, medical
clinics, and community
organizations oer HIV
testing. To
nd an HIV testing site
near you, contact AIDS
info
for the number of your state
AIDS hotline or visit
http://www.hivtest.org
/
. You can also
nd information on testing locations on your state health
department website.
For more information:
Contact an AIDS
info
health information specialist
at 1–
800–448–0440 or visit
http://aidsinfo.nih.gov
. See your
health care provider for
medical advice.
This information is based on the U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services’
Guidelines for the Use of
Reviewed
Antiretroviral Agents in HIV-1-Infected
Adults and Adolescents
available at
http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/guidelines
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